ASE 2027 Annual Conference

Science lessons often ask pupils to process abstract ideas, unfamiliar vocabulary, diagrams, models and practical observations all at once. This session explores how teachers can use selected ideas from cognitive science and neuroscience-informed research to make that complexity more manageable without oversimplifying the science.

The session will focus on three classroom applications: using dual coding to improve explanations and support understanding; applying cognitive load theory to design clearer instruction; and using retrieval practice to strengthen long-term memory.

Along the way, participants will consider where these approaches are most useful in science, where they can be misapplied, and how to adapt them for different contexts and age groups. This is a practical, evidence-informed session designed for classroom teachers and subject leaders who want to refine their teaching.

Participants will leave with a clearer understanding of the research base, concrete examples from science teaching, and strategies they can use to improve pupils’ learning, recall and confidence.

By the end of the session, participants will be able to:
•identify key principles about memory and learning that are relevant to science teaching;
•select and adapt dual coding strategies to support pupils’ explanations of scientific concepts;
•apply cognitive load principles when planning explanations, modelling and tasks;
•use retrieval practice in ways that support durable learning in science;
•evaluate their own classroom practice for opportunities to improve clarity, retention and progression.

Background: When I started teaching, my training did not mention the brain - it was as if we'd forgotten that this is where learning happens! I have a degree in cognitive neuropsychology, so this seemed surprising. Happily, as my career progressed, the sector has moved on to a great understanding of the principles of cognitive science and I have been heartened to see the impact of this on students. Through classroom practice, collaboration with colleagues and engagement with research on memory and learning, I will share an approach that focuses on a small number of evidence-informed principles with clear relevance to science teaching. Rather than offering “quick fixes”, this session draws together practical strategies that have helped make explanations clearer, reduce unnecessary cognitive overload and strengthen long-term retention

Photosynthesis and respiration are the chemical reactions that enable solar energy to fuel life on this planet. Photosynthesis is also where almost all living substances start their life.

• The energy pathway from solar to respiration underpins life on earth
• It helps students understand the origin of fossil fuels and our climate concerns
• It is made far too complex and complicated when part of the biology curriculum
• I argue that they need a place in the chemistry and physics curriculum not only in biology.

I have written and produced many resources to help students understand the associated physics (energy) and chemistry, which address misconceptions and simplify what are very complex biochemical pathways:

• FuseSchool short video which has had half a million views https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw
• SSR articles
https://www.ase.org.uk/resources/school-science-review/issue-382/model-respiration-and-photosynthesis-in-which-oxygen-plays
https://www.ase.org.uk/resources/school-science-review/issue-349/fuel-and-food-are-not-made-energy-constructive-view

• Science issues resource. Www.scienceissues.org.uk
The talk will start with some questions teachers can use on their students to identify misconceptions. Participants will discuss their ideas in pairs (“Tell Each Other”)

I will show the FuseSchool Video and my simple “stretched oxides” photosynthesis model together with this very simple global diagram to show cross-curricular importance. [Can't attach pictue - it shows the degradation ove energy from sunlight to waste heat driving the cycling of matter: fuel+oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

We then debate how we can give these reactions more importance in future science curricula, linking it all with the need to help students understand the science behind climate change (specifically the origin of the extra carbon dioxide we are putting into the atmosphere).

Evolution is the most important concept in biology, yet it is often taught as an abstract topic with limited opportunities for practical investigation. Misconceptions surrounding evolution and natural selection remain common amongst students and the wider public, while teachers can face challenges relating to subject confidence, curriculum time, resourcing and practical accessibility. This workshop draws on ongoing PhD research at the University of Bath investigating how experimental evolution may support the teaching of evolution in a more engaging, accessible and evidence-informed way.

The session aims to:
• explore common misconceptions surrounding evolution and natural selection;
• examine current challenges and gaps in evolution education;
• share emerging findings from an ongoing research project into experimental evolution in educational settings;
• provide participants with hands-on experience of an experimental evolution activity using Pseudomonas fluorescens;
• reflection on how inquiry-based practical approaches may support evolution education across diverse settings.

Participants will begin by exploring some of the most persistent misconceptions surrounding evolution, including teleological thinking, misunderstandings around “survival of the fittest”, and the idea that evolution only occurs over millions of years. Through discussion and short interactive activities, the workshop will examine why these misconceptions remain prevalent and how they may be reinforced unintentionally within teaching and popular culture.
The session will then introduce an experimental evolution teaching package developed as part of an ongoing PhD project. Using genetically modified Pseudomonas fluorescens, the practical demonstrates the re-emergence of bacterial motility under selection pressure, enabling students to observe evolutionary change over a short timescale. Participants will engage with elements of the practical activity themselves and explore how the approach has been adapted to improve accessibility across a range of educational contexts, including schools with limited laboratory facilities.

Emerging findings from the study will be shared alongside discussion of inquiry-based learning, practical science, accessibility and student engagement. The session will conclude with opportunities for reflection and discussion around broader questions for biology education, including how evolutionary thinking might be more coherently embedded across the curriculum as a conceptual “golden thread”.

By the end of the session, participants will be able to:
• identify common misconceptions associated with evolution education;
• discuss barriers affecting the teaching of evolution in schools;
• explain how experimental evolution can be used to support understanding of natural selection and adaptation;
• evaluate the benefits and limitations of inquiry-based practical approaches within evolution education;
• reflect on how evolutionary concepts could be revisited more coherently within biology teaching.

Join the team working with the Department for Education to develop the reformed Science Programmes of Study in England and GCSEs subject content as we outline the priorities and evidence underpinning the drafting process. This session focuses on Chemistry KS3 and KS4 plus transition from KS2 and KS1.

Please note the other sessions in the conference programme, on KS1 and KS2, and on biology and physics at KS3 and KS4.

Generative AI produced images are quickly becoming part of how primary teachers prepare and run lessons, but how do we know if these images are scientifically sound? In this session we share findings from our research showing how generative AI can both reinforce known misconceptions and introduce new ones, particularly when teachers ‘personalise’ content for their pupils, which is a specified use case by the DfE for Generative AI use in education.

During the session you'll see worked examples from common primary science topics. You'll then have the chance to generate, examine and discuss images with other delegates, with prepared images available if you don't have a device.

The session is pitched for a range of confidence levels with AI, including those just starting out, while respecting that many primary colleagues already have significant generative AI expertise. You'll leave with a framework and checklist to evaluate generative AI produced images for misconceptions, plus prompt strategies to improve the science quality of what you (and your pupils) create.

Delegates will be able to:
• Recognise common misconceptions reinforced or introduced by generative AI produced primary science images.
• Use a clear framework and checklist to appraise generative AI visuals before using them in lessons.
• Apply prompting strategies that reduce the risk of misconception-rich outputs.
• Confidently discuss generative AI image quality with colleagues and pupils as part of wider digital literacy.

Background: Helen Harden, former chemistry lead on the University of York's BEST project and chemistry curriculum consultant, brings extensive expertise in primary and secondary science misconceptions. Victoria Hedlund, founder of GenEd Labs and contributor to the DfE and Chartered College's Safe and Effective Use of Generative AI in Education guidance, brings critical oversight of generative AI in classroom use. Our shared interest in this area is set out in our article “Looking deeper into AI-generated visual explanations” to be published in the July 2026 edition of SSR with a primary-focused article planned for ASE’s Primary Science journal. This forms the precursor to a larger ongoing research project.

This session will showcase a range of fun and engaging practical and demonstration ideas from across the secondary physics curriculum. Participants will have the opportunity to try the ideas for themselves and discuss the pedagogy behind them. Resources to support the implementation and links for further ideas will be shared with all participants. Any common difficulties and issues will be discussed and solutions shared.

Outcomes: As a results of attending the session participants will have tried a range of practical activities which they can implement in their own schools.   Non-specialist physics teachers and technicians will have developed their pedagogical content knowledge linked to the ideas.   They will know where to find the completed sets of ideas organised by topic on www.teachphysics.org and how they can be used to support improving a physics scheme of work or lesson plan.