ASE 2027 Annual Conference

This session aims to help science teachers and leaders to:

> understand how the model of memory can inform decisions about practical science teaching;
> recognise when practical work may overload working memory, limiting learning;
> evaluate the strengths and limitations of different approaches to practical work;
? apply evidence-informed principles to design practical lessons that maximise learning.

Practical work can motivate students and bring science to life—but practical lessons can also place heavy demands on students’ attention, leaving them focused on following instructions or handling equipment rather than learning the intended science.

In this session, we will explore how the model of memory can help teachers make better decisions about practical science teaching. By considering the limitations of working memory and the importance of attention for encoding into long-term memory, we will examine why some practical activities lead to strong learning and others do not.

Participants will compare different approaches to practical work, and discuss when each is most likely to be effective. We will also consider how the purpose of the practical—whether to teach disciplinary knowledge, substantive knowledge, or practical skills—should shape the chosen approach.

Attendees will leave with a better understanding of how to plan and adapt practical lessons so that students think hard, remember more, and learn better.

As a result of attending this session, participants will be able to:

> identify potential sources of cognitive overload in practical science lessons;
> select appropriate practical approaches based on lesson goals and student needs;
> adapt existing practical activities to better support attention, memory, and learning;

Background: Practical work is often seen as central to science education, yet students do not always learn what teachers intend from these experiences. My interest in this area has developed through classroom practice, curriculum design, and engagement with cognitive science research on memory, attention, and cognitive load. Through reflecting on when practical lessons have been most and least effective, and drawing on research-informed approaches such as explicit instruction and the “model of memory,” I have developed a framework for making more deliberate choices about how practical work is organised and delivered. This session brings together classroom experience and evidence-informed thinking to help teachers move beyond “doing” practical work towards securing lasting learning.